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_adaptive micro systems

tamoadmin 2024-08-31
1.都有哪些知名的生产半导体的公司?2.电脑技术的分类?Software Maintenance软件维护Software Maintenance deliver

1.都有哪些知名的生产半导体的公司?

2.电脑技术的分类?

_adaptive micro systems

Software Maintenance

软件维护

Software Maintenance delivers both proactive and reactive support for your networks, systems, and software through effective problem management and updates.

软件维护通过有效的问题处理和升级提供对您的网络、系统和软件交付前以及交付后的支持。

NCR's Software Maintenance is backed by 20 Regional Care and Global Support Centers and a global reach of nearly 200 countries.

NCR的软件维护由20个地区关怀和全球支持中心提供支持,覆盖全球将近200个国家。

Software Maintenance includes:

软件维护包括:

Guidance in locating solutions to known problems

提供支持以寻找对已知问题的解决方案

Information to resolve procedural problems

提供信息以解决流程问题

Code-level patches for problem resolution

提供代码级别的补丁以解决问题

Deployment and Integration

部署和集成

A single source solution.

单源解决方案

Considering the financial commitment you're making in IT infrastructure, it's critical to leverage your investment beginning day one. NCR Deployment Services offers a suite of integration and installation services designed to minimize disruptions to your business operations during rollout and maximize the continuous operability of your IT infrastructure.

考虑到IT基础设施给您带来的财政负担,您急切地需要从第一天开始平衡您的投资。NCR部署服务推出了一整套的集成和安装服务,以从一开始就最大限度的减少对您的业务操作带来的干扰,并最大限度保证您的IT基础设施的持续运作。

And with NCR's global reach, we can provide a broad range of IT Infrastructure Services when and where you need IT, including Design Validation and Configuration, Staging, Installation and De-installation. With our global Deployment Project Management resources, we can manage all issues of your deployment projects through a single point of contact. By reducing the hassle of multiple suppliers, NCR lets you concentrate on what you do best. You can also depend on project management consistency and on-going monitoring of budget and target dates.

拥有NCR的全球支持,无论何时何地,在您需要IT支持的时候,我们都可以为您提供广泛的IT基础设施服务,包括设计验证、配置、缓冲、安装和卸载。拥有全球部署项目管理,我们能通过一个单点的联系处理您部署项目中的所有问题。通过减少不同供应商带来的麻烦,NCR可以让您专心与您最擅长的领域。您也可以依赖项目管理的一致性、预算的持续监控和目标日期。

More strengths.

更多的优势

More service. More value.

更多服务,更多价值

The global capabilities of NCR's IT Infrastructure Services bring you and your organization the benefits of a highly ailable IT infrastructure. NCR's successful history in delivering business automation solutions provides the inherent strengths to deliver the hardware, software and service elements to meet your infrastructure needs. Our service experts can create, implement, manage and maintain an adaptive IT infrastructure, allowing your staff to focus on building valuable business lications. With in-depth expertise in multi-vendor networks, systems, software and security, it is no surprise that many of the world's top technology companies, including Cisco Systems, Dell Computer Corporation, Nortel Networks and Sun Microsystems he chosen NCR as their service partner.

NCR的全球IT基础设施支持服务能力让您和您的组织收益于一个具有高度可用性的IT基础设施。NCR交付商业自动解决方案的成功历史提供了能为您的设施需求提供硬件、软件和服务内容的内在优势。我们的服务专家能创造,实现,管理和维护一个自适应的IT设施,让您的员工能专心于构造有价值的商业应用。拥有在多供应商网络,系统,软件和安全领域的深入专业知识,NCR能成为包括Cisco System,Dell Computer Corporation, Nortel Networks和Sun Microsystems在内的众多世界顶级科技公司的合作伙伴,也就不足为奇了。

都有哪些知名的生产半导体的公司?

DARPA

国防高级研究局

ARPARNET(Internet)

阿帕网

ICCC

国际计算机通信会议

CCITT

国际电报电话咨询委员会

SNA

系统网络体系结构(IBM)

DNA

数字网络体系结构(DEC)

CSMA/CD

载波监听多路访问/冲突检测(Xerox)

NGI

下一代INTERNET

Internet2

第二代INTERNET

TCP/IP SNA SPX/IPX AppleTalk

网络协议

NII

国家信息基础设施(信息高速公路)

GII

全息基础设施

MIPS

PC的处理能力

Petabit

10^15BIT/S

Cu芯片:

OC48

光缆通信

SDH

同步数字复用

WDH

波分复用

ADSL

不对称数字用户服务线

HFE/HFC

结构和Cable-modem 机顶盒

PCS

便携式智能终端

CODEC

编码解码器

ASK(amplitude shift keying)

幅移键控法

FSK(frequency shift keying)

频移键控法

PSK(phase shift keying)

相移键控法

NRZ (Non return to zero)

不归零制

PCM(pulse code modulation)

脉冲代码调制

nonlinear encoding

非线性编程

FDM

频分多路复用

TDM

时分多路复用

STDM

统计时分多路复用

DS0

64kb/s

DS1

24DS0

DS1C

48DS0

DS2

96DS0

DS3

762DS0

DS4

4032DS0

CSU(channel service unit)

信道服务部件

SONET/SDH

同步光纤网络接口

LRC

纵向冗余校验

CRC

循环冗余校验

ARQ

自动重发请求

ACK

确认

NAK

不确认

preamble

前文

postamble

后文

ITU

国际电信联合会

character-oriented

面向字符

bit-oriented

面向位

SYNC

同步字符

HDLC

面向位的方案

SDLC

面向位的方案

bit-stuffing

位插入

STP

屏蔽双绞线

UTP

非屏蔽双绞线

RG-58A/U

标准

RG-11

用于10BASE5

RG-59U

75欧 0.25INCH CATV

RG-62U

9欧 0.25INCH ARCnet

10BASE5

IEEE802.3

RG-59U

0.25inch CATV

RG-62U

0.25inch ARCnet

LED(light emitting diobe)

发光二级管

ILD(injection laster diobe)

注入型激光二级管

PIN

检波器

APD

检波器

intensity modulation

亮度调制

line of sight

可视通路

CCITT V.28(EIA RS232C)

非平衡型

CCITT V.10/X.26(EIA RS423A)

新的非平衡型

CCITT V.11/X.27(EIA RS422A)

新的平衡型

TD

发送数据

RD

接收数据

XON/XOFF

流控制

Automatic Repeat Request Protocol

自动重发请求

Send and wait ARQ:continuous

ARQ停等ARQ

Ward Christensen

人名

Kermit

协议

circuit switching

线路交换

packet switching

分组交换

virtual circuit

虚电路

ATM(asynchronous transfer mode)

异步传输模式

ATDM

异步时分多路复用

packetizer

打包器

VPI(vritual path identifier)

虚路径标识

VCI(virtual channel identifier)

虚通道标识

syntax

语法

semantics

语义

timing

定时

OSI(open system interconnection)

开放系统

session

会话

synchronization

同步

activity management

活动管理

AE

应用实体

UE

用户元素

CASE

公共应用服务元素

SASE

特定应用服务元素

VT

虚拟终端

JIM

作业传送和操作

reverved

保留

echo

回送

discard

丢弃

active users

活动用户

daytime

白天

netstat(who is up of NETSTAT)

qotd(quote of the day)

日期引用

chargen(character generator)

字符发送器

nameserver(domani name server)

域名服务器

bootps(bootstrap protocol server/client)

引导协议服务器/客户机

tftp(trivial file transfer)

简单文件传送

sunrpc(sun microsystems RPC)

SUN公司

NTP:network time protocol

网络时间协议

SNMP(SNMP net monitor)

SNMP网络监控器

SNMP traps

陷井

biff

unix comsat

daemon

e.g timed daemon

syslog

system log

URG

紧急字段可用

ACK

确认字段可用

PSH

请求急迫操作

RST

连接复位

SYN

同步序号

FIN

发送方字节流结束

Manchester

曼彻斯特编码

FDDI(fiber distributed data interface)

光纤分布数据接口

TTRT

目标标记循环时间

aggregation of multiple link segments

多重链接分段聚合协议

MAN(metropolitan area network plus)

城域网

CSMA/CD(carrier sense multiple access/collision detection)

载波监听

Token bus

令牌总线

Token ring

令牌环

SAP

服务访问点

request indictaion response confirmation

LLC PDU

LLC协议数据单元

DSAP address

目地服务访问点地址字段

SSAP address

源服务访问点地址字段

XID

交换标识

SABME

置扩充的异步平衡方式

DISC

断开连接

DM

断开

FRMR

帧拒收

solt time

时间片

AUI

连接单元接口

MAU

介质连接接口

MDI

介质相关接口

PMA

物理介质接口

D

起始定界符

PAD

填充字段

FCS

帧校验序列

PLS

物理层收发信号

slot time

时间

Inter Frame Gap

attempt limit

最大重传次数

back off limit

避免算法参数

Jam size

阻塞参数

max frame size

最大帧

address size

地址

collaspsed backone

折叠式主干网

BSS

基本服务集

ESS

扩展服务集

DFW-MAC

分布式基础无线MAC

IFS

帧间空隙

SIFS:

PIFS

点协调

DIFS

分布协调

CTS

发送清除

DQDB(IEEE802.6)

分布式队列双总线

TDM

时分复用

TMS

多时分交换

TSI

时间片互换

TST

网络机构

TSSST STS SSTSS TSTST

网络机构

PSTN

公用交换电话网

public switched telephone network

详细

PBX:private branch exchange

专用交换网

PABX;private automatic branch exchange

自动交换机

CBX:computerized branch exchange

程控交换

SLIP:serial line IP

串行IP

LCP(link control protocol)

链路控制协议

NCP:network control protocol

网络控制协议

BRI

基本速率接口

PRI

群速率接口

LAPB:line access protocol balanced

链路访问协议平衡

registration

登录

interrupt

中断

LAP F link access procedure for frame-mode bearer serives

太长了

rotate

不知道

recovery

恢复

discard

丢弃

retransmission

重传

switched access

交换访问

intergated access

集成访问

alerting

警告

progress

进展

AAL

ATM适配层

GFC

总流控

cell rate decoupling

信元率去耦

SDH

同步数字级

PDH

准国步数字级

GSM:group special mobile

移动通讯

NSS

网络子系统

OMC-R

操作维护中心

BSS

基站子系统

BSC

基站控制器

BTS

基站收发信机

MS

移动站

SIM:subscriber identity module

标识模块

MSC

移动交换机

HLR

归属位置寄存器

VLR

访问位置寄存器

AUC

鉴权中心

EIR

设备识别寄存器

OMC-S

操作维护中心

SC

短消息中心

WAP

无线应用协议

WAE

无线应用层

WSP

会话层

WTP

事务层

WTLS

安全层

WDP

传输层

MAP

移动应用部分

WML无线标记语言

SSL:secure sockets layer

安全套接层

PCS

个人通信业务

PCN

个人通信网

GEO

对地静止轨道

NON-GE0(MEO,LEO)

不清楚

ITU

国际电信联盟

VSAT:very small aperture -terminal

甚小天线终端

LEOS

低轨道卫星通信系统

repeater

中继器

bridge

网桥

router

路由器

gateway

网关

ONsemble stackable 10BASE

可叠加组合型集线器

transparent bridge

传输桥

source routing bridge

源路径桥

broadcast storm

广播风暴

encapsulation

封装

translation bridging

转换桥接方式

SRT

源地址选择透明桥

offset

偏移

more flag

标识

ICMP

INTERNET控制报文协议

SPF:shortest path first

最短路径

IGP:interior gateway protocol

核心网关协议

EGP:exterior gateway protocol

扩展网关协议

RIP:routing information protocol

路由信息协议

OSPF

开放最短径优先协议

acquisition request

获取请求

acquisition confirm

获取确认

cease

中止

poll

轮询

IPX/SPX internetwork packet exchange/sequented packet exchange

NOVELL

interpreter

解释器

redirector

重定向器

T system fault tolerant

系统容错

ELS entry level solution

不认识

ODI

开放数据链路接口

NDIS network device interface specification

网络设备接口...

DDCS

数据库管理和分布数据库连接服务

DCE:distributed computing environment

分布计算环境

O:open software foundation

开放软件基金

PWS:peer web service

WEB服务器

OEM

原始设备制造商

RAS

远程访问服务

IIS:Internet Information server

INTERNET信息服务

WINS:windows internet name system

WINDOWS命名服务

NTDS:windows NT directory server

NT目录服务

TDI

传输驱动程序接口

schedule++

应用程序,预约本

COSE:common open software environment

普通开放软件环境

RPC

远程过程调用

SNMP:simple network management protocol

简单网管协议

SMI:structer of management information

管理信息结构

SMT:station management

管理站

SMTP:simple mail transfer protocol

简单邮件传输协议

SNA:system network architecture

IBM网络

SNR:signal noise ratio

信噪比

SONENT:synchronous optical network

同步光纤网络

SPE:synchronous payload envelope

同步PAYLOAD信

CMIS/CMIP

公共管理信息服务/协议

CMISE

公共管理信息服务

agent

代理

IMT:inductive modeling technology

不知道

plaintext

明文

ciphertext

脱密

encryption

加密

decryption

解密

symmetric key cryptography

对称加密

asymmetric key cryptography

不对称加密

public key

公钥

private key

私钥

DES:data encryption standard

数据加密标准

IDEA:international data encryption algorithm

国际加密算法

PIN:personal identification number

个人标识符

session key

会话层密钥

KDC:key distribuetion center

密钥分发中心

sign

签名

seal

封装

certificate

证书

certificate authority CA

证书权威机构

O

开放软件中心

AFS:andrew file system

分布式文件系统

ticket

凭证

authenticatior

身份认证

timestamp

时间标记

reply attack

检测重放攻击

realm

PKI

公钥基础设施

certificate hierarchy

证书层次结构

across certificate

交叉证书

security domain

安全领域

cerfificate revoke list(CRL)

证书层次结构

LDAP:light weight directory access protocol

协议

access matrix

访问矩阵

ACL:access control list

访问列表

reference monitor

引用监控器

course grained

粗粒度访问控制

medium grained

中粒度访问控制

fine grained

细粒度访问控制

CORBA

面向对象的分布系统应用

MQ

报文队列

***

虚拟专网

IPSEC:IP security

安全IP

SA:security association

安全?

encopulation security payload

封装安全负载

AH:authentication header

鉴别报头

IKE:Internet key exchange

交换

rogue programs

捣乱程序

IPSP:IP security protocol

安全

IKMP:internet key managemetn protocol

协议

IESG

Internet工程领导小组

SHA

安全散列算法

MAC:message authentication code

代码

CBC

密码块链接

SSL

安全套接层协议

cerfificate verify

证书检验报文

PEM

私用强化邮件

PGP:pretty good privacy

好的

private

保密

authenticated

已认证

SEPP

安全电子付费协议

SET

安全电子交易

middleware

中间件

GSS-API

通用安全服务

SNP

安全网络编程

BWD:browser web database

浏览WEB

plugin

插入件

basic authentication scheme

不知道

digest authentication scheme

摘要认证方法

open group:the open group research institute

研究所

DCE:distributed computing environment

分布式计算机环境

SLP:secure local proxy

安全局部代理

SDG:secure domain proxy

安全域代理

OMG:object management group

目标管理组

CORBS:common object request broker architecture

不清楚

authentication

鉴别

access control

访问控制

data confidnetiality

保密

data integrity

数据完整性

non-reputation

防止否认

enciphermant

加密机制

digital signature mechanisms

数据完整性

authentication mechanisms

路由控制机制

notarization mechanisms

公证

trusted function

可信

security labels

安全标记

event dectection

检测

security audit trail

安全审计跟踪

security recovery

安全恢复

TCSEC:trusted computer system evaluation criteria

标准

TCSEC TNI:trusted network interpretation of the TCSEC

标准

TCSEC TDI:trusted database interpretation of the TCSEC

标准

ITSEC:information technology security evaluation

标准

CC:command criteria for IT security evaluation

安全

classified criteria for secruity protection

中国安全

of computer information system

中国安全

GB17859-1999

国标

TCB:trusted computing base

SNMP:simple network management protocol

网管

ICMP:internet control message protocol

互联网控制信息协议

ARP:address resolution protocol

地址解析协议

TCP:transmission control protocol

传输控制协议

UDP:user datagram protocol

用户数据报协议

SMTP:simple mail transfer protocol

简单邮件传输

DNS:domain name service

服务器

NSP:name service protocol

服务器

TElnet:telcommunication network

TEL

EGP:exterior gateway protocol

外部网关连接器协议

IGP:inter gateway protocol

内部网关连接器协议

SLIP

串行接口协议

PPP

点对点协议

UNICAST

单播地址

cluster

群集地址

multicast

组播地址

scable model

可伸缩模型

integrated model

集成模型

OLAP

联机分析工具

NAS:network lications support

DEC公司的工具

NWC:newwe computing

HP工具

OCCA:open cooperative computing architecture

开放合作计算体系结构

DAA:distributed lication architecture

DG的分布应用体系结构

COSE:common opensystem enviroment

通用开放系统环境

CDE:common desktop enviroment

通用桌面环境

DCE

分布式计算环境

RPC

远程过程调用

DME

分布管理环境

OSE/APP

开放系统环境应用可移植框架

ODA

开放文件体系结构

ODL

开放文件语言

ODIF

开放文件交换格式

GKS

图形核心系统

PHIGS

编程的层次交换式图形系统

GOSIP

开放系统互联框架

EEI:extenal environment interface

扩展环境接口

CGI:common gateway interface

公用网关接口

Internal web

内部环球网

mail lists

邮件列表

newgroups

新闻组

chat

闲谈

IRC:internet relay chat

聊天

VRML:virtual reality modeling language

语言

workflow

工作流

groupware

群件

video conferencing

会议

ADSL:asymmetric digital subscriber line

不对称数字用户

DBS:direct broadcast satellite

直播广播卫星

***:virtual private networks

虚拟专网

ISP

Internet服务提供商

SSL:secure sockets layer

安全套接层

PCT:private communication technology

专网通信技术

STLP:secure transport layer protocol

安全传送层

SET:secure electrionic transaction

安全电子传送

proxy server

代理服务器

POP3:post office protocol

POP3邮局

IMAP4:internet message protocol4

邮件协议

WYSIWYG:what you see is what you get

所见即所得

NDIS

网络设备接口标准

NETBT:NETBIOS over TCP/IP

协议

IIS:Internet Information Server

Microsoft

binding

绑定

PDC

主域控制器

BDC

备份域控制器

DCOM

分布组件对象模式

WINS:windows internet name service

服务器

RR:resource record

记录

CSNW:client service for netware

客服

network address translation

网络地址转换

loopback

回送

dotted quad notation

点分形式

packet

分组

forward

向前

account

帐号

compatibility

兼容性

assume

担任

dummy

哑终端

western digitial/SMC cards

portable

便携

BIND:berkeley internet name domain service

不知道

resolver library

不知道

spoofing

欺骗

multi homed

多宿主

RR:resource record.

记录

Lynx Mosaic Netscape Hotja

浏览器

URL:uniform resource locator

统一定位

webmaster

HTML hypertext markup language

超文本语言

anonymous/ftp

匿名FTP

/company

UNIX下存放公司本身的信息

/pub

UNIX下的公用软件

/in-coming

UNIX匿名FTP用户上载文件目录

/usr /bin /etc

FTP占用的目录

mirror sites

文件服务器镜像系统

WAIS:wide area information search

查询

description

描述

catalog

目录、手册

inverted

颠倒

internetworked enterprise

互联网上的企业

interenterprise computing

企业间的计算

CSCW:computer supported cooperative work

计算机支持协同工作

interactive/communication

交互通信

coordination

协调

collaboration

协作

cooperation

协同

co-located

同地协作

remote

远程协作

message systems

信报系统

platform

平台

collabration/cooperation

协调和协作方式

commerce

主题

content/message

内容

profit

利润

BtoC(B2C):business to consumer

企业对消费者

PtoP(C2C):person to person

个人对个人

BtoG:business to

企业对

virtual store

虚拟商店

virtual electronic mall

虚拟电子商场

virtual electronic commerce city

虚拟电子商城

distance education/learning

远程教育

network-based distance education

远程网络教育

tele-access

远程访问

tele-mentoring

远程辅导

tele-sharing

远程共享

virtual publishing

虚拟出版

virtual classroom

虚拟教室

awareness

互相感知

CSCL:computer supported cooperative learning

远程合作

educational groupware system

教育组件系统

telemedicine

远程医疗

virtual LAN

虚拟LAN

SRB:source route bridging

源路由网桥

SRT:source route transparent

源路由透明网桥

SBS:source route switching

源路由交换网桥

NAT:network address translation

网络地址转换

PAP:password authentication protocol

密码验证协议

CHAP:challenge handshake authentication protocol

请求握手验证协议

DSL

数字用户线路

CATV

有线电视

ADSL

非对称DSL

HDSL

高比特速率

VDSL

极高比特速率

SDSL

单线DSL

RADSL

速率自适应

ISDNDSL

IDSL

CDSL

用户DSL

DS DS0 DS1 DS1C DS2 DS3 DS4

DS系列

E E1 E2 E3

E系列(欧洲标准)

CEPT

欧洲邮电委员会

SDH

同步光纤网络

STS

不清楚

SONET

同步光纤网络

RED

随机早期测试

SCS

结构化综合布线系统

ISO,Intenational organization for standardization

国际标准化组织

ITU-T,International Telecommunication Union

国际联盟电信标准

T:Telecommunication standardization sector

电信标准分会

CCITT:international telegraph & telephone consultative committee

ITU-T的前身

SNMP:Simple network management protocol

简单网络管理协议

PPP:Point to Point protocol

点对点协议

RIP:Routing Information protocol

路由信息协议

WAP:wireless licaition protocol

无线应用协议

OSPF:open shortest path control protocol

开放的最短路径优先协议

HDLC:high level datalink control protocol

协议

RARP: reverse address resolution protocol

知MAC求IP地址

CNNIC

中国互联网中心

history

历史

ISP:Internet service provider

服务商

UNINET

联通:联通公用计算机互联网

xDSL:x digital subscriber line

数字用户线路

HDSL:high bit rate

两对双绞线 E1速率

SDSL:symmetric DSL

单对双绞线

RADSL:rate adaptive DSL

速率自适应DSL

settop box

机顶盒

WAP:wireless markup protocol

无线协议

IPV6

IETP在RFC1550规定

policy base networking

策略网络

MPLS

多协议标记交换

linux OS

操作系统

***

虚拟专用网

IPX/SPX:Novell netware

客户机使用一种网络协议

NETBEUI

小型网络上的高速通信协议

MTU:maximum transmission unit

最大传输单位

MSS:maximum segment size

最大分段尺寸

default receive windows

预设接收窗口

TTL:time to live

留存时间

ICQ:I seek you

我找你

SMTP:simple mail transfer protocol

简单邮件传输协议

POP3:post office protocol version3

POP3的邮局

IMAP:Internet message access protocol

协议

specify

明确、说明

special

专用

role

入口

AAL

ATM adaptation layer

ABR

Available bit rate

ADPCM

adaptive differntial pulse code modulation

ADSL

asymmtric digital phone system

AMPS

advanced mobile phone system

ANS

advanced network and services

AS

autonomatic repeat request

ASK

amplitude shift keying

ATDM

asynchronous time division multiplexing

BER

bit error rate

BGP

border gateway protocol

B-ISDN

broad integrated services digital network

BOOTP

bootstring protocol

BRI

basic rate interface

BUS

broadcast/unknown server

CATV

cable television

CAC

connection admission control

CBR

continusou bit rate

CDMA

code division multiple access

CDPD

cellular digital packet data

CDV

cell delay variation

CLIP

ATM manager

CIDR

classless interDomain Routing

CMIP

common management information protocol

CMIS

common management information service

CMOT

common management information service and protocol over TCP/IP

CNOM

committee of network operation&management

CORBA

common object request broker architecture

CPCS

common part convergence sublayer

CR

carriage return

CS

convergence sublayer

CSMA/CD

冲突检测

CSU/DSU

频道服务单元/数据服务单元

DARPA

defense advanced research project agency

DCE

data circuit terminating equipment

DDN

digital data network

DIME

distributed management environment

DPI

dot per inch

DQDB

distributed queue dual bus

DEN

目录服务

DSMA

digital CSMA/CD sense multi-access

DVMRP

distance vector multicast routing protocol

EGP

exterior gateway protocol

EMA

ethernet media adapter

FAQ

frequently answer question

FCS

fast circuit switching

FDDI

fiber distributed data interface

FEC

forward error correction

FSK

frequency shift keying

FTTC/FTTH

fiber to the curb/home

GCRA

generic cell rate algorithm

GGP

gateway gateway protocol

GSM

全球通

HEC

header error control

HCS

header checked sequence

HDLC

high level data link control

HDTV

high definition television

HFC

hybird fiber coax

HIPPI

high performance parallel interface

HTTP

hypertext transfer protocol

IAB

internet architecture board

IAP

internet access provider(ISP)

ICCB

internet control & congigruration board

ICMP

internet control message protocol

ICX

inter cartridge exchange

IDP

internetwork datagram protocol

IDU

interface data unit

IEEE

Institute of Electrical& Electronic Engineers

IGMP

Internet group managament protocol

://.cnpaf.net/data/sitemap.html

推荐你看这个网站

电脑技术的分类?

国外半导体元器件生产厂家名称

://.ic-assess.net/facturer/facname/mcaps.html

抄录部分如下:

A V G Semiconductor

AAK Corp

ABB Drives

ABB Hafo A B

ABB Semiconductor

ABB Semiconductors Ag

Aborn Electronics

AC Interface Inc

Acculin Inc

Accutek Microcircuit Corp

Acer Laboratories Inc

Acopian

Acrian Inc

Actel Corp

Action Tungsram Inc

Acumos Inc

Adams-Russell Electronics

Adaptec Inc

Adaptive Logic Inc

Advanced Detector Corp

Advanced Electronic Packaging

Advanced Hardware Architectures Inc

Advanced Linear Devices Inc

Advanced Memory Systems Inc

Advanced Micro Systems Inc

Advanced Microelectronic Products Inc

Advanced Milliwe Laboratories Inc

Advanced Optoelectronics (Applied Solar)

Advanced Power Technology

Advanced Research Associates

Advanced Semiconductor Inc

Advanced Technology Corp

Aeroflex Laboratories Inc

Aeroflex Laboratories, Comstron Div

Agilent Technologies

Airpax Corp, Frederick Division

Alan Industries Inc

Alden Scientific Inc

Aleph International Corp

Allegro Microsystems Inc

Allen Avionics Inc

Allen Bradley Co

Alliance Semiconductor

Allied Electronic & Semiconductor Technology Inc

Allied Electronics Gmbh

Allied Signal Aerospace Company

Alpha Industries Inc, Components and Subsystems Div

Alpha Industries Inc, Semiconductor Div

Alpha Products Inc

Alpha Semiconductor

Altair Corp

Altera Corp

Amax Applied Technology Inc

AMD Inc

American Electronic Laboratories

American Microsemiconductor Inc

American Microsystems

American Power Devices Inc

American Semiconductor Corp

Amex Electronics Inc

AMF Inc

Amperex Electronic Corp

Ampex Data Systems Group

Amplifonix Inc

Amptek Inc

Anadigics Inc

Anaheim Automation

Analog Devices Inc

Analog Solutions

Analog Systems

Analogic Corp

Analytic Instruments Corp

AND

Anders Electronics

Andersen Laboratories Inc

Anodeon Semiconductor Div

Ansaldo S P A - Div Electronica

Antel Optronics Inc

Apex Microtechnology Corp

API Electronics Inc

Appian Technology Inc

Applied Micro Circuits Corp

Aptek Williams Inc

Aptos Semiconductor

Argo Transdata Corp

Aristo-Craft/ L M P Inc

Aromat Corp

Array Microsystems Inc

Artesyn Technologies

Arts Island Products Co LTD

Asahi Kasei Microsystems Co LTD

ASEA Brown Boveri A G

Ashley-Butler Inc

Asiliant Technologies

Askjeselskapet Mikro-Electronik

Associated Electronics Industries

Astec America Inc

Astec Standard Power

Atmel Corp

Aucera Technology Corp

Auctor Corp

Augat Inc

Aurora Semiconductor

Austek Microsystems

Austin Semiconductor Inc

Austria Mikro System Intl

Automatic Coil

Avantek Inc

Avasem

Avens Signal Equipment Corp

Avnet Inc

AVX Corp

AVX Corporation

Aydin Corp

B I Technologies Corp

Babcock Display Products Group

Barnes Engineering Co

Base Two (2) Systems

Basic Electronics Inc

Bedford Opto Technology LTD

Bel Hybrids & Magnetics Inc

Bel Fuse Inc

Benchmarq Microelectronics Inc

Bendix Semicon Products

Bharat Electronics LTD

Big-Sun Electronics Co LTD

Bipolar Integrated Technology Inc

BKC Semiconductors Inc

Black & Decker Corp

Boeing Electronics Co

Bogue Electric Manufacturing Co

Boston Technical Inc

Bourns Inc

Bowmar Inc

Bradley Semiconductor Sorp

Bright Led Electronics Corp

British Thomson-Houston Export Co Ltd

Brooktree

Brown Boveri & Aktiengesellschaft

Bull Micral Of America Inc

Burns & Towne Inc

Burr-Brown Corp

Burroughs Corp

C T S Reeves

C&D Technologies

C-Cube Microsystems

Caddock Electronics Inc

Cal Crystal Labs Inc

Calex Manufacturing Co Inc

California Devices Inc

California Eastern Laboratories Inc

California Micro Devices Corp

Calmos Systems Inc

Calogic Corp

Canadian General Electric Co Ltd

Cantec Electronic Co Ltd

Capar Components Corp

Capar

Capital Equipment Corp

Cardon Corp

Carlo Gazzi Inc

Carter Semiconductor Inc

Carter Transistor Corp

Catalyst Research Corp

Catalyst Semiconductor Inc

CBS Electronics

Celduc

Celeritek

Central Semiconductor Corp

Centralab Semiconductor (Globe Union)

Centronic Inc, E-O Div

Centronic Ltd

Cermetek Microelectronics Inc

CGEE Alsthom Service SCP

Champion Technologies Inc

Cherry Corp

Cherry Semiconductor Corp

Chicago Miniature Lamp Inc

China Semiconductor Corp

Chip Supply, Micro Devices

Chrontel

Circuit Technology Inc

Cirrus Logic Inc

Citizen Electronics Co LTD

Clairex Technologies Inc

Clare (C P) Division

Clare (C P), Solid State Products

Clear Logic

Coco Research Inc

CODI Semiconductor Inc

Coherent Component Corp

Collins Electronics Corp

Collmer Semiconductor Inc

Comlinear Corporation

Commodore Semiconductor

Communications & Power Industries

Compagnia Italiana Westinghouse

Compagnia Semiconductori Italia SPA

Compagnie Des Dispositifs Semiconductor, Westinghouse

Compagnie General D'Electricita

Compensated Devices Inc

Components Inc

Computer Conversions Corp

Computer Management & Development Service

Comset Semiconductors, SPRL

Comstron Corp

Concurrent Logic

Conditioning Semiconductor Devices Corp

Conexant Systems Inc

Connor-Winfield Corp

Consumer Microcircuits Ltd

Continental Device India Ltd

Control Sciences Inc

Cooper Laser Sonics

Coors Components Inc

Cornes & Company Ltd

Corporation Soneet

Cougar Components

CP Technology Inc

Creation Technologies Inc

Cree Research Inc

Crimson Semiconductor Inc

Crosspoint Solutions Inc

Crouzet Corp

Crydom Co

Crystal Semiconductor Corp

Crystaloid Electronics Co

Crystek Corp

CSR Industries Inc

CTS Corp

CTS Electronics, Knights Div

Curtis Electromusic Specialties Inc

Custom Array Corp

Custom Components Inc

Custom Micro Systems Inc

Cybernetic Micro Systems

Cypress Semiconductor Corp

Cyrix Corp

D C P Research Corp

Dai Nippon Printing Co

Daico Industries Inc

Dale Electronics Inc

Dale Electronics

Dallas Semiconductor Corp

Dalsa Inc

Danaher Corp

Danari International

DAQ Electronics Inc

Data Delay Devices Inc

Data Display Products

Data General Corp

Data Technology Corp

Data Translation Inc

Datalinear

Datalogic Inc

Datalogic Optic Electronics Inc

Datatronics

Datel Inc

Dawn Electronics Inc

Defense Supply Center Columbus (Mil Specs)

Defense Supply Center Columbus (SMD's)

Deico Electronics Inc

Delco Electronics

Delsa Toshiba S A

Delta Electronic Ind Co LTD

Delta Products Corp

Dense-pac Microsystems Inc

Densitron Corp

Denyo Europa Gmbh

Devar Inc

Dexter Research Center Inc

Dialight Corp

Dickson Electronics Corp

Digital Components Corp

Digital Equipment Corp

Digital RF Solutions Corp

Digitron Electronic Corp

Dino Olivetti SPA

Diodes Inc

Dionics Inc

Diotec Electronics Corp

Diotec Elektronische Bauelemente GMBH

Directed Energy Inc

Discon Industries Inc

Display Engineering Services

Displays Inc

Don's Enterprise Co Ltd

Douglas Randall Inc

Dr Ing Rudolph ROST

DSP Group Inc

Dymec Inc

DynaChip Corp

E-SAN Electronic Co Ltd

Eagle-Picher Technologies LLC

Eastron Corp

Eaton Corp, Microwe Products Div

Ebauches S A

Echanges Techniques Internationaux

ECI Semiconductor

ECS Inc International

Ectiva

Edal Industries Inc

EDO Corp

Edsun Laboratories Inc

EE Tech Inc

EG&G Inc, Photon Devices Div

EG&G Inc, Washington Analytical Services Center Inc

EG&G Judson

EG&G Optoelectronics Canada

EG&G Reticon

EG&G Vactec

EIC Semiconductor Inc

Elantec Inc

Elcoma

Eldec Corp

Elec-Trol Inc

Electech Electronics

Electro Corp

Electro-Films Inc, Semi-Films Div

Electro-Films Inc

Electro-optical Systems Inc

Electron Research Inc

Electron Tubes Inc

Electronic Arrays Inc

Electronic Designs Inc

Electronic Devices Inc

Electronic Research Co

Electronic Technology Corp

Electronic Transistors Corp

Electronica Nacional Braileria

Elite Microelectronics

Elite Semiconductor

Elmec Corp Of America

Elmo Semiconductor Corp, Elpaq Division

Elmo Semiconductor Corp

Elpac Power Systems

Eltec Instruments Inc

EM Microelectronics

Emerson Electric Co

Emihus Microcomponents

Energy Electronic Products Corp

Engineered Components Co

English Electric Valve Co Ltd

Enhanced Memory Systems Inc

Envir Communications Inc

Epitaxx Inc

Epitek International Inc

Ercona Corp

Ericsson Components AB

Ericsson Components Inc

ESC Electronics Corp

Espey Mfg & Electronics Corp

ESS Technology Inc

ETEQ Microsystems Inc

Eupec

Eurodia G E S M B H Components

Eurosil Electronics Ltd

Eurotechnique

Everlight Electronics Co Ltd

Exar Corp

Excel Technology International Corp

Exel Microelectronics

Exxon Enterprises Inc

Facon

Fagor Electronic Components Inc

Fairchild Semiconductor Corp

Fallon Industries

Fanon Transistor Corp

Faraday Electronics Inc

FCP Inc

FDK Corp

FEI Microwe Inc

FEM A Electronics Corp

Fema Electronics Corp

Fenwal Electronics

Ferranti Electric Inc

Ferranti Industrial Electronics LTD

Ferrotran Electronics Co

Film Microelectronics Inc

Fine Products Microelectronics Corp

Finlux Inc

First Components

Fischer & Porter Co

FMC Corp

Ford Aerospace & Communications Corp

Fox Electronics

Foxboro I C T Inc

Foxboro I C T

FR Electronics

Franel Corp

French Thomson-Houston Semiconductor

Frequency Devices Inc

Frequency Sources

Frontier Electronics Co LTD

Fuji Electric Co Ltd

Fuji Electric Co

Fujikura America Inc

Fujitsu Kiden Ltd

Fujitsu Ltd

Fujitsu Microelectronics Inc

Fullywell Semiconductor Co Ltd

Futaba Electric Co Ltd

Future Domain Corp

G H Z Technology Inc

G-TWO Inc

Galil Motion Control Inc

Galileo Corp

Galileo Technology

Gazelle Microcircuits Inc

Gch-Sun Systems Co Ltd

GD Rectifiers Ltd

GEC Marconi Materials Technologies Ltd

GEC Plessey Semiconductors

GEC Semiconductors Ltd

Gem Asia Enterprise Co Ltd

General Diode Corp

General Electric Co, Custom Integrated Circuits

General Electric Co, Electro Optics

General Electric Solid State

General Instrument Optoelectronics

General Magnetics Inc

General Micro-Electronics Inc

General Microcircuits Corp

General Semiconductor Inc

General Semiconductor Industries Inc

General Sensors Inc

General Transistor Corp

Genisco Electronics

Gennum Corp

Gentron Corp

Gespac Inc

Giddings & Lewis Advanced Circuitry Systems

Giga

Gigabit Logic Inc

Gilway Technical Lamp

Glorious Sources Co Ltd

Glow-Lite Corp

GMT Microelectronics Corp

Goldentech Discrete Semiconductor Inc

Gould Inc, Microwe Products

GPD Optoelectronic Devices

Graseby Infrared

Grayhill Inc

Great American Electronics

Great Eastern Mfg Co

Greenray Industries Inc

Greenwich Instruments Ltd

GS Technology

GSI Technology

GTE Microcircuits

......

你说的这些真的是很难分,他们都不是一种分类标准,

其实最大范围内可以分为一、软件 二、硬件

软件包括了你说的 编程,平面设计 图像处理 ,后面你再说的那些什么photoshop,flash,3dmax都是图像处理的工具,至于你说的C语言是编程用到的语言,也可以说是一种工具,

而硬件就是计算机上确实存在的东西,就是你的机箱,电源,主板,硬盘,鼠标,键盘等你能看到的东西,

你可以学维修这些东西,也可以学卖这些东西,当然你卖这些东西的前提是你懂,呵呵,所以你要从懂这些东西开始,目前你要学的我感觉应该是懂最基础的东西,计算机的硬件组成和用途,然后再来选择你要学什么,硬件的学习东西就是你懂得维修,更高深点你知道他们都是怎么运行的,不过维修学出来已经能够用它来赚钱了,

再来说下软件,我学的是软件开发,也就是编程(编程序),(程序就是软件,我都感觉我在废话,不知道你的了解程度到哪我说的这些你应该能看懂吧,如果看不懂,建议你不要这么盲目地就开始选择自己要学的方向,因为你还没有入门,),不过你说的那些现在都不错,图像处理,大城市小城市都有用,编程就要到大城市了,广告也适用于大小城市,

下面再来说一下你列举的计算机应用,计算机网络,计算机多媒体,计算机信息管理,计算机软件技术,等等,这些一般都是大学里面开的课程,我在大学里面学的就是计算机软件技术,主要就是软件卡发(也就是编程),这些都是书面语,计算机应用其实没什么主要的方向可言,什么都学,什么都不精通,也就是到社会上你找工作不好找,因为你什么都不精通,计算机多媒体,就是用来做些多媒体技术,比如flash,,而你说的广告,就需要这个了,你想啊,广告嘛,要声音吧,要图像吧,要动画吧,都是多媒体,这个比较有意思,并且男生女生比例不失调,学软件的就太恐怖了,我们全班30个人7个女的,全系150人,不到30个女的,并且漂亮的也没几个,呵呵,这些是玩笑话了,不过却是事实,图像处理就是一门技术,就是把变得漂亮清楚一些,有专门的职业需要这门技术,比如照相馆里就很需要(前提是你要学好),计算机网络主要工作地点是网吧,我个人认为,如果你不是什么大牌学校或者很有能力,去大公司当他们的网络管理员的机会很小,不过看你的爱好了,信息管理就是搞数据库,和软件开发联系有点紧密,应用电子技术这个我也不太清楚了,感觉应该和计算机应用技术差不多吧,通信技术呵呵是和移动啊联通啊这些通信公司对口的,具体学什么我不清楚,

最后总结一句,学软件硬件都很不错,关键是看你喜欢哪样了,但是前提是你两方面都要懂一点,照你目前提这个问题的幼稚程度上看来,你还需要补习一下什么是计算机,还有他的发展历史,谢谢